Talent management is a strategic and integrated organizational process encompassing the identification, development, retention, and deployment of individuals deemed critical for achieving current and future business objectives. As a research field and academic concept, it investigates the systematic methodologies for managing human capital, focusing on identifying high-potential individuals, designing effective development programs, implementing retention strategies, and aligning talent processes with organizational strategy. Its significance lies in enhancing organizational performance, building sustainable competitive advantage through human capital, and ensuring leadership and skill pipelines for future needs.